Coursecode: wb4304
Coursename: Thermodynamics 3

DUT creditpoints: 2
ECTS creditpoints: 4

Subfaculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology
Lecturer(s): Verkooijen, prof.dr.ir. A.H.M., Infante Ferreira, dr. ir. C. A. (coordinator) and Buijtenen, prof. ir. J. P. van

Tel.: 015-2784894
Catalog data:
Types of thermodynamic cycles. Processes in thermodynamic cycles. The zeroth, first and second law of thermodynamics. Energy and energy systems. Evaluation criteria, efficiencies. Work. Sources of non-adiabatic process pathes. Heat pump. Carnot cycle versus actual cycle for refrigerating machine or heat pump. Heat sources and heat sinks with a temperature glide. The reciprocating compressor. Entropy production in the cycle components and their effect on performance (COP). Application example: a practically implemented heat pump. Work transfer in rotodynamic machines. The axial-flow turbine. The axial flow compressor. Radial machines. Performance and performance presentation of rotodynamic machines. Sizing of rotodynamic machines.		 Course year: 3
Period: 0/4/0/0/0
Hours p/w: 4
Other hours:
Assessment: written
Assessm.period(s): 2,3
(see academic calendar)
Prerequisites: wb1123, wb1224
Follow up: wb4301A, wb4407, wb4410A e.a.

Detailed description of topics:

  • Types of thermodynamic cycles.

  • Processes in thermodynamic cycles. The zeroth and first law of thermodynamics. System boundaries. Types of energy systems. Energy classification. Energy balance of steady-flow open system. Closed cycles. Evaluation criteria and efficiencies.

  • Second law of thermodynamics. Work transfer in reversible adiabatic processes. Work transfer in non-adiabatic processes without mechanical friction. Work transfer in adiabatic expansion processes with mechanical friction in steady-flow heat engines. Work transfer in compression processes. Several sources of non-adiabatic process pathes.

  • Heat pump as an example of heat engine. Refrigerating machine versus heat pump. The Carnot cycle as a reference cycle for the refrigerating machine and the heat pump. Heat sources and heat sinks with a temperature glide. Thermodynamic averaged heat source and heat sink temperatures. Actual cycle for refrigerating machine or heat pump. The reciprocating compressor as example of non-ideal compressor. Entropy production in the cycle components and their effect on performance (COP). Application example: a practically implemented heat pump.

  • Rotodynamic machines. Energy conversion in rotodynamic machines. The axial-flow turbine: working principle; calculation of a turbine stage; degree of reaction, impulse and reaction turbines. The axial flow compressor: working principle; calculation of a compressor stage. Radial machines: pumps and compressors. Performance and performance presentation of rotodynamic machines. Dimensionless coefficients for rotodynamic machines working with incompressible and compressible fluids. Performance characteristics. Fixed guide vanes and pre-whirl. Cavitation phenomena in pumps. Sizing of rotodynamic machines.

Course material:

  • Van Paassen, C.A.A., "Processen in thermische machines", collegedictaat, Faculteit WbMT, TUD, 1994.

  • Touber, S., "Thermische machines -een compressie warmtepomp", collegedictaat, Faculteit WbMT, TUD, 1996.

  • Van Buijtenen, J.P., "Thermische machines -roterende stromingsmachines", collegedictaat, Faculteit WbMT, TUD, 1994.
References from literature:
  • Baehr, H. D., "Thermodynamik", 5e ed., Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1984.
  • Brodowicz, K. en T. Dyakowski, "Heat pumps", Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd, Oxford, 1993.
  • Dixon, S.L., "Fluid mechanics of turbomachinery", Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1978.
  • Moran, M.J. en H.N. Shapiro, "Fundamentals of Engineering Thermodynamics", Wiley, Chichester, 1992.
  • Traupel, W., "Thermische Turbomaschinen", Springer Verlag, 1977.
Remarks (specific information about assesment, entry requirements, etc.):
Goals:
The purpose of this course is to illustrate the practical application to implemented machines (as a turbine or heat pump) of a part of the theory provided to the students in the courses "basic heat transfer and fluid mechanics" (wb1123) and "thermodynamics" (wb1224). The use of the entropy-production concept for the quantification of the contribution of the different heat pump components to the irreversibility of the complete system is illustrated.
Computer use:
Laboratory project(s):
Design content:
The proposed method for the identification of the components with a large contribution to the total irreversibility of the system gives a deeper understanding of the consequences of design choices. Further on dimensional aspects and speed of turbomachines are related to performance.
Percentage of design: 30%