last modified 12/09/2002

Coursecode: mt216
Coursename: Internal Combustion Engines

DUT creditpoints: 2
ECTS creditpoints: 3

Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology
Lecturer(s): Klein Woud, prof. ir. J. Tel.: +31 15 27 81556
Catalog data:
Piston Engines (Diesel and Otto) and gas turbines. Working principles. Indicator Diagram. Ignition and Combustion. Performance. Pressure charging. Introduction to thermodynamic analysis. Construction. Operating envelope. Fuels.		 Course year: MSc 1st year
Semester: 2B
Hours p/w: 4
Other hours: -
Assessment: written examination
Assessm.period(s): 4, 5
(see academic calendar)
Prerequisites: wb1224 Thermodynamics 2
Follow up:  
Detailed description of topics:
  • Basic thermodynamic principles.
  • Piston engines
    1. Working principle:  4 stroke, 2 stroke, trunk piston, crosshead construction, low/medium/high speed
    2. Indicator diagram:  work, mean indicated and effective pressure
    3. Ignition and combustion:  mixture formation, ignition methods, ignition delay, premixed and diffusive
            combustion
    4. Performance:  efficiency, power and torque, fuel consumption, air consumption, emissions
    5. Pressure charging:  turbocharging, single stage and two stage
    6. Operating envelope:  naturally aspirating, turbocharged engines
    7. Power density
    8. Thermodynamic analysis:  air standard cycles, Otto, Diesel and Seiliger cycle
    9. Construction
  • Gas turbines
    1. Working principle
    2. Ideal simple Brayton cycle with and without losses
    3. Regenerative cycle
    4. Advanced cycles
    5. Operating envelope
    6. Construction and installation
  • Fuel characteristics
Course material:
Marine Engineering. Design of Propulsion and Electric Power Generation Systems. J. Klein Woud and D. Stapersma.
References from literature:
Available in course material
Remarks assessment, entry requirements, etc.: Written examination
Learning goals:  
The student must be able to:
-   Describe the main characteristics of diesel and Otto engines and gas turbines
-   Describe the main characteristics of fuels
-   Describe the working principles of the 2-stroke engine and of the 4-stroke diesel engine and sketch the
    associated indicator (p-V) diagram
-   Define and apply the thermodynamic concepts power, work, heat, mean effective pressure and efficiency
-   Define compression ratio, stroke-bore ratio, specific fuel consumption, air-fuel ratio, air excess ratio and
    mean piston speed
-   Explain the purpose and working principle of turbocharging and distinguish the different types
-   Explain the limits of the operating envelope of a diesel engine
-   Explain methods to broaden the operating envelope
-   Explain the limits to power and power density
-   Explain the influence of design parameters to the performance of an engine by using air-standard cycles
-   Apply Seiliger cycle, also called dual cycle, to calculate engine performance
-   Describe the working principles of the gas turbine
-   Apply the Brayton cycle to calculate gas turbine performance for the simple cycle and the regenerative cycle
-   Explain the influence of the pressure ratio and of the temperature ratio on efficiency and power density
-   Explain the influence of compressor, turbine and heat exchanger losses on gas turbine performance
    (efficiency and power density)
-   Explain the operating envelope of a twin-shaft gas turbine and the influence of power on sfc
-   Describe the effect of ambient conditions and intake and exhaust losses on power and fuel consumption
-   Describe the necessary measures for installation on board: acoustical enclosure, air filtration, up- and
    down-takes and fuel treatment
Computer use:   -
Laboratory project(s):   -
Design content:
Application and installation of piston engines and gas turbines
Percentage of design: 50 %